IIT Madras researchers develop AI-based tool for personalized cancer diagnosis, treatment

IITM researchers have built AI prediction models for Breast, Colon, and Lung cancers, and are preparing a list of personalized cancer-causing genes.

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IIT Madras (Source: Official)IIT Madras (Source: Official)

Vagisha Kaushik | July 6, 2022 | 01:24 PM IST

NEW DELHI: Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras researchers have developed an Artificial Intelligence-based tool, ‘PIVOT’, that can predict cancer-causing genes in an individual. This tool will ultimately help in devising personalized cancer treatment strategies.

“‘PIVOT,’ developed by IIT Madras researchers, is designed to predict genes that are responsible for causing cancer in an individual. The prediction is based on a model that utilizes information on mutations, expression of genes, and copy number variation in genes and perturbations in the biological network due to an altered gene expression,” said an official statement from IITM.

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IIT Madras researchers have built AI prediction models for three different types of cancer including Breast Invasive Carcinoma, Colon Adenocarcinoma and Lung Adenocarcinoma. They are planning to extend it further to many more cancer types. The team is also working on a list of personalized cancer-causing genes that can help in identifying the suitable drug for patients based on their personalized cancer profile.

“The tool is based on a machine learning model that classifies genes as tumour suppressor genes, oncogenes or neutral genes. The tool was able to successfully predict both the existing oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes like TP53, and PIK3CA, among others, and new cancer-related genes such as PRKCA, SOX9 and PSMD4,” the IIT Madras statement said.

Personalized cancer treatment

The research was led by Professor Raghunathan Rengaswamy, Dean (Global Engagement) and professor of Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Madras; Dr Karthik Raman, Associate Professor, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, IIT Madras and a Core Member, Robert Bosch Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (RBCDSAI), IIT Madras; and Malvika Sudhakar, a research scholar, IIT Madras.

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Highlighting the significance of the research, Karthik Raman, Core Member, RBCDSAI, IIT Madras said, “Cancer, being a complex disease, cannot be dealt with in a one-treatment-fits-all fashion. As cancer treatment increasingly shifts towards personalized medicine, such models that build toward pinpointing differences between patients can be very useful.”

Speaking on the importance of providing personalized cancer treatment, Malvika Sudhakar, research scholar, IIT Madras, said, “The research area of precision medicine is still at a nascent stage. PIVOT helps push these boundaries and presents prospects for experimental research based on the genes identified."

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