India 12th in science research: Nature Index Annual Tables 2020
Aeshwarya Tiwari | June 10, 2020 | 09:34 AM IST
NEW DELHI: In the recently-released Nature Index table 2020, India is placed twelfth globally in science research output by Nature Index in 2019, ranked by country or territory. The Indian Institute of Science, IISc, Bangalore was first in 2019 among all Indian institutions.
The top five positions have gone to the United States of America, China, Germany, United Kingdom and Japan. India is after Spain and just ahead of Italy.
A total of 257 Indian academic institutions have been ranked based on the cumulative number of research articles published in 82 journals tracked by Nature Index by public and private academic institutions. For this analysis, only the 257 academic and educational institutions have been considered and not research conducted by government laboratories or private corporations.
Homi Bhabha National institute, Mumbai, was behind IISc in the second position, followed by Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, IIT Madras and Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata on the third, fourth, and fifth positions respectively in 2019.
Ranking on research
The Nature Index Annual Tables 2020 is based on the research published in the 82 scientific journals covered by the Nature Index and selected by a panel of 58 researchers in the natural sciences.
Publications from January 1 to December 31, 2019 are considered. The research output is the cumulative count of total publications in four subjects of natural science journals including chemistry, physical sciences, life sciences, and earth and environmental sciences.
The rankings consider the “share” and “count” of research articles. An institution or country’s “count” is simply the number of research articles its researchers have authored or co-authored. The Nature Index defines “share” as “a fractional count allocated to an institution or country/region for an article that takes into account the percentage of authors from that institution or country/region and the number of affiliated institutions that contributed to the article.” It adds: “For calculation of Share, all authors are considered to have contributed equally to the article. The maximum combined Share for any article is 1.0.”
Where India Stands
India is twelfth in the country-wise ranking in Nature Index publications and, from 2018 to 2019, it has improved its share score by 4.7%. However, only three Indian institutions feature in the list of top 100 rising academic institutions globally. These include IISER Kolkata at 57; IIT Madras at 77; and IIT Guwahati at 100. In the top position is University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. In fact, out of 100 rising institutions, the top 43 are all in China.
Top 20 countries
2019 | Country/territory | Share 2018 | Share 2019 | Count 2019 | Change in Adjusted Share |
1 | United States of America (USA) | 20357.17 | 20152.48 | 28403 | -4.2% |
2 | China | 11372.26 | 13566.11 | 18026 | 15.4% |
3 | Germany | 4585.05 | 4545.7 | 8770 | -4.1% |
4 | United Kingdom (UK) | 3750.3 | 3773.66 | 7837 | -2.7% |
5 | Japan | 3082.69 | 3024.32 | 4905 | -5.1% |
6 | France | 2200.83 | 2238.55 | 5054 | -1.6% |
7 | Canada | 1620.19 | 1602.09 | 3408 | -4.4% |
8 | Switzerland | 1422.71 | 1487.88 | 3270 | 1.2% |
9 | South Korea | 1349.94 | 1435.23 | 2419 | 2.8% |
10 | Australia | 1254.34 | 1259.95 | 2986 | -2.8% |
11 | Spain | 1167.23 | 1161.51 | 2767 | -3.7% |
12 | India | 962.13 | 1041.49 | 1655 | 4.7% |
13 | Italy | 1064.63 | 1027.54 | 2638 | -6.6% |
14 | Netherlands | 933.76 | 929.93 | 2403 | -3.7% |
15 | Sweden | 634.35 | 624.89 | 1833 | -4.7% |
16 | Israel | 617.86 | 609.23 | 1291 | -4.6% |
17 | Singapore | 606.42 | 607.95 | 1254 | -3.0% |
18 | Russia | 482.33 | 466.02 | 1414 | -6.5% |
19 | Belgium | 421.43 | 412.22 | 1176 | -5.4% |
20 | Denmark | 407.95 | 386.58 | 1146 | -8.3% |
Public Institutions
Of the 257 Indian academic institutions, 165 have been individually ranked. Only 80 institutions have improved their share from 2018 to 2019. The first-ranked IISc has improved its adjusted share by two percent and had a count of 221 in 2019, the highest among all Indian academic institutions. Homi Bhabha National Institute’s adjusted share has improved by 19%; IIT Bombay’s by 7.4%; IIT Madras’ by 0.9%; and finally, IISER Kolkata has seen its adjusted share rise by 69%.
Only six institutions published more than 100 research paper in 2019, all of them public. None of the private institutions had a count of over 20 in 2019.
The table below clarifies the status of top 20 institutions in public and private categories, ranked in 2019.
Top 20 Public Institutions
2019 | Institution | Share 2018 | Share 2019 | Count 2019 | Change in Adjusted Share |
1 | Indian Institute of Science (IISc), India | 80.58 | 85.02 | 221 | 2.0% |
2 | Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), India | 46.21 | 56.83 | 199 | 19.0% |
3 | Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay), India | 44.82 | 49.79 | 108 | 7.4% |
4 | Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), India | 40.87 | 42.62 | 172 | 0.9% |
5 | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata (IISER Kolkata), India | 20.54 | 35.88 | 65 | 69.0% |
6 | Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IIT Guwahati), India | 21 | 34.48 | 73 | 58.8% |
7 | Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur), India | 33.26 | 30.44 | 51 | -11.5% |
8 | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune (IISER Pune), India | 36.92 | 25.53 | 116 | -33.1% |
9 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), India | 26.28 | 23.76 | 40 | -12.5% |
10 | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal (IISER Bhopal), India | 32.71 | 22.85 | 28 | -32.4% |
11 | Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), India | 23.42 | 21.14 | 37 | -12.7% |
12 | University of Hyderabad (UoH), India | 16.11 | 18.24 | 45 | 9.5% |
13 | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), India | 11.37 | 17.12 | 38 | 45.7% |
14 | University of Delhi (DU), India | 9.9 | 14.84 | 99 | 45.0% |
15 | Jadavpur University (JU), India | 10.37 | 13.37 | 24 | 24.7% |
16 | Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT Roorkee), India | 13.01 | 12.89 | 19 | -4.1% |
17 | Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi), India | 16.55 | 12.64 | 25 | -26.1% |
18 | Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), India | 10.24 | 11.52 | 15 | 8.8% |
19 | Indian Institute of Technology Indore (IIT Indore), India | 9.5 | 10.36 | 34 | 5.6% |
20 | Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar (IIT Gandhinagar), India | 6.85 | 9.61 | 28 | 35.8% |
Private Institutions
Among private institutions, SRM Institute of Science and Technology is on top but ranked 21 over all. It has a count of 18 and has improved its adjusted share of 2018-2019 by 120.3%. It is followed BITS Pilani at 22 with the same count of 18 in 2019 and improvement in adjusted share of 2018-19 by 152.9 percent. Shiv Nadar University has ranked 25; Siksha O Anusandhan at 29; and Ajmal College of Arts and Science, 37. Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology declined 58.5 percentage in comparison of adjusted share of 2018 and 2019.
Top 20 Private Institutions
2019 | Institution | Share 2018 | Share 2019 | Count 2019 | Change in Adjusted Share |
21 | SRM Institute of Science and Technology, India | 3.4 | 7.75 | 18 | 120.3% |
22 | Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS Pilani), India | 2.88 | 7.53 | 18 | 152.9% |
25 | Shiv Nadar University (SNU), India | 4.66 | 5.42 | 9 | 12.4% |
29 | Siksha O Anusandhan University (SOA), India | 3.42 | 4.83 | 5 | 36.8% |
37 | Ajmal College of Arts and Science, India | 2 | 3.33 | 4 | 61.2% |
45 | Amity University, India | 0.41 | 2.44 | 7 | 477.5% |
46 | Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), India | 1.05 | 2.3 | 15 | 111.8% |
65 | Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University), India | 0.32 | 1.32 | 7 | 302.7% |
66 | SASTRA University, India | 0.42 | 1.27 | 4 | 193.2% |
70 | TERI School of Advanced Studies (TERI SAS), India | 0.59 | 1.13 | 2 | 85.8% |
76 | Christ University, India | 0.04 | 0.99 | 2 | 2,576.1% |
78 | CMR University (CMRU), India | – | 0.83 | 2 | N/A |
80 | Ashoka University, India | – | 0.77 | 3 | N/A |
81 | Jain University (JU), India | – | 0.74 | 4 | N/A |
82 | Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT University), India | 1.68 | 0.72 | 5 | -58.5% |
83 | Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra (BIT Mesra), India | – | 0.71 | 3 | N/A |
97 | Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal (SVKM), India | 0.1 | 0.5 | 1 | 383.6% |
97 | GLA University, India | – | 0.5 | 1 | N/A |
99 | University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), India | 0.5 | 0.44 | 1 | -14.0% |
100 | Bhupal Nobles' University (BNU), India | 0.08 | 0.42 | 1 | 383.6% |
*The change in adjusted Share accounts for the small annual variation in the total number of articles in Nature Index journals. Share values have been adjusted to 2019 levels to calculate the percentage change.
Table represents the subjects wise research output of Indian institutions in Nature Index Journals from April 01, 2019 to 31st March, 2020.
Subject | Count | Share |
Chemistry | 715 | 576.06 |
Physical Sciences | 680 | 346.94 |
Life Sciences | 243 | 106.59 |
Earth & Environmental Sciences | 112 | 48.64 |
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